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Related Concept Videos

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers01:24

Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers

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Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
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Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Affecting Factors01:29

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Affecting Factors

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Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is the clinical practice of measuring specific drug levels in a patient's blood or body tissues to manage and optimize therapy. TDM is crucial for drugs with narrow therapeutic windows, like warfarin and phenytoin, where incorrect doses can lead to treatment failure or severe side effects. This monitoring ensures the dosage administered is within a safe and effective range. The factors affecting therapeutic drug monitoring include:Patient-Specific Factors:a.
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Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Polymorphic Form-Related and Particle Size-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence01:27

Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Polymorphic Form-Related and Particle Size-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence

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Changes in polymorphic forms can significantly influence the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. Although the FDA defines pharmaceutical equivalence based on having the same active ingredient, dosage form, and route of administration, it does not automatically disqualify products with different polymorphic forms. This means two products with different polymorphs can still be deemed pharmaceutically equivalent. However, polymorphic differences can affect properties like wettability,...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted01:24

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted

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Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
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Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics: Overview01:28

Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics: Overview

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Understanding drugs, drug products, and their performance in pharmaceutical science is pivotal. Drugs, whether simple molecules or complex compounds, are designed to interact with the body's biological systems to diagnose, treat, or prevent diseases. Drug products include various delivery systems such as tablets, capsules, injections, and inhalers. The performance of these drug products is gauged by their ability to deliver the active ingredient to the desired site of action at the...
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Updated: May 1, 2026

Registered Bioimaging of Nanomaterials for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Monitoring
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Registered Bioimaging of Nanomaterials for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Monitoring

Published on: December 9, 2010

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Macromolecular therapeutics.

Jiyuan Yang1, Jindřich Kopeček2

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84112, USA.

Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society
|April 22, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores polymer-drug conjugates and drug-free macromolecular therapeutics for cancer. It discusses design principles and targeting cancer stem cells and the tumor microenvironment for improved nanomedicine strategies.

Keywords:
CancerDegradable polymeric carriersDrug-free macromolecular therapeuticsMacromolecular therapeuticsN-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamideWater-soluble polymers

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer chemistry and nanomedicine, focusing on macromolecular therapeutics.

Background:

  • Discusses traditional and backbone degradable polymer-drug conjugates.
  • Introduces drug-free macromolecular therapeutics as a new nanomedicine paradigm.

Observation:

  • Highlights the biological features of cancer, including stem/progenitor cells and the tumor microenvironment.
  • Reviews design principles for polymer-drug conjugates and drug-free macromolecular therapeutics.

Findings:

  • Explores the development of polymer-drug conjugates and drug-free macromolecular therapeutics.
  • Details strategies for targeting cancer stem cells and the tumor microenvironment.

Implications:

  • Suggests future directions for macromolecular therapeutics in cancer treatment.
  • Advances the understanding of nanomedicines for targeted cancer therapy.