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Related Concept Videos

Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

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DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...
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Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter
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Wavefront error correction with adaptive optics in diabetic retinopathy.

Ali Kord Valeshabad1, Justin Wanek, Patricia Grant

  • 1*MD, MPH †MS ‡MD §BS ∥PhD Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, Illinois (all authors).

Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry
|April 22, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) increases wavefront aberrations and degrades Shack-Hartmann (SH) image quality. Adaptive optics (AO) significantly reduces these aberrations in DR patients, though performance is suboptimal compared to controls.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Optical Engineering
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss.
  • Ocular optical quality can be affected by DR and foveal thickness (FT).
  • Adaptive optics (AO) systems offer potential for high-resolution retinal imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of DR, increased foveal thickness (FT), and AO on wavefront aberrations.
  • To assess Shack-Hartmann (SH) image quality in relation to DR and FT.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of AO in correcting aberrations in DR patients.

Main Methods:

  • Shack-Hartmann aberrometry and AO correction were applied using a bench-top system.
  • 10 healthy controls and 19 DR subjects were studied.
  • Central FT was measured; DR subjects were subgrouped by FT. SH image quality metrics (spot area, RMS) were calculated.

Main Results:

  • DR significantly increased high-order (HO) and total root mean square (RMS) aberrations and SH spot area (p < 0.01).
  • AO correction significantly reduced RMS in DR subjects (p < 0.001), but SH spot area remained unchanged (p = 0.6).
  • Increased FT did not significantly affect RMS or SH spot area in DR patients.

Conclusions:

  • DR patients exhibit higher wavefront aberrations and poorer SH image quality due to ocular pathology.
  • AO effectively reduces wavefront aberrations in DR, but its performance is less optimal than in healthy controls.
  • FT is not a significant factor influencing optical aberrations or SH image quality in DR.