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Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Published on: September 12, 2011

Regional apparent diffusion coefficient values in 3rd trimester fetal brain.

Chen Hoffmann¹, Boaz Weisz, Shlomo Lipitz

¹Department of Radiology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer (affiliated to the Sackler School of Medicine), Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, chen.hoffmann@sheba.health.gov.il.

|April 22, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in normal fetal brains are stable in the third trimester and vary by region. These findings aid in diagnosing and predicting prenatal brain pathologies.

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Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Fetal Medicine
Radiology

Background:

Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values are crucial for diagnosing and prognosing prenatal brain pathologies.
Measuring regional ADC in normal fetal brains in utero is essential for establishing reference ranges.

Purpose of the Study:

To measure regional ADC values in a cohort of normal fetal brains during the third trimester.
To analyze the relationship between ADC values, brain region, and gestational age.
To investigate ADC changes in fetal CMV infection.

Main Methods:

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) was performed on 48 fetuses in the third trimester with normal MRI scans.
ADC was measured in various brain regions: white matter, basal ganglia, thalamus, pons, and cerebellum.
Statistical analyses included one-way ANOVA and regression analysis; four cases of CMV infection were also examined.

Main Results:

ADC values showed significant regional variation, being highest in white matter and lowest in the thalamus and pons.
No significant changes in ADC values were observed with increasing gestational age across tested regions.
Fetal CMV infection was associated with a global decrease in ADC values.

Conclusions:

Fetal brain ADC values are stable during the third trimester and exhibit distinct regional patterns.
These established ADC values contribute to the early diagnosis and prognosis of fetal brain abnormalities.
Regional ADC measurements can serve as a biomarker for prenatal neurological conditions.