Epithelial markers in synovial sarcoma. An immunohistochemical study on paraffin embedded tissues

Immunohistochemical studies on synovial sarcomas have proved the potentiality of these neoplasm for epithelial and mesenchymal differentiation and antibodies detecting epithelial cells have been found to be helpful in determining the histological types. In this study different epithelial markers directed against various cytokeratins, HMFG-2 and EMA were investigated on paraffin embedded tissues of 13 cases of synovial sarcomas, with regard to their reliability in unmasking the epithelial components demonstrable in this type of neoplasm. The results lead to three conclusions: firstly, synovial sarcomas possess the capacity for generating different epithelial cell types with uncommon compositions of intermediate filaments as well as of membrane proteins, secondly, these features may be expressed in a heterogenous pattern even within the same tumour and finally, the use of wide range anti-cytokeratin antibodies covering the spectrum of basic as well as acidic type proteins seems to be necessary for the detection of all epithelial components demonstrable in synovial sarcomas.