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Adsorption of Gases on Solids

Adsorption of Gases on Solids

Adsorption is a process where molecules, known as the adsorbates, accumulate on a surface, which is referred to as the adsorbent or substrate. Occurring at the solid-gas interface, this phenomenon is crucial in various scientific and industrial contexts. The reverse of adsorption is desorption.Two types of adsorptions exist: physical (physisorption) and chemical (chemisorption). Physisorption involves gas molecules held to the solid's surface by relatively weak intermolecular van der Waals...

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Updated: May 1, 2026

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CO2 adsorption by functionalized nanoporous materials: a review.

Nicola Gargiulo, Francesco Pepe, Domenico Caputo

Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

|April 23, 2014

Summary

Functionalized nanoporous adsorbents, including zeolites, mesoporous silicates, and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), show promise for carbon dioxide (CO2) capture. Modifications enhance CO2 adsorption, with MOFs demonstrating high capacity for potential large-scale application.

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Preparation of Biomass-based Mesoporous Carbon with Higher Nitrogen-/Oxygen-chelating Adsorption for CuII Through Microwave Pre-Pyrolysis

Preparation of Biomass-based Mesoporous Carbon with Higher Nitrogen-/Oxygen-chelating Adsorption for CuII Through Microwave Pre-Pyrolysis

Published on: February 12, 2019

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Chemical Engineering
Environmental Science

Background:

Nanoporous materials are crucial for efficient carbon dioxide (CO2) capture.
Functionalization significantly improves the CO2 adsorptive properties of these materials.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in functionalized nanoporous adsorbents for CO2 capture.
To compare the performance and potential applications of zeolites, mesoporous silicates, and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs).

Main Methods:

Review of literature on modified zeolites, mesoporous silicates, and MOFs for CO2 capture.
Analysis of the impact of cation content and amine functionalization on CO2 adsorption.
Evaluation of adsorbent properties including affinity, regeneration, and working capacity.

Main Results:

Cation-exchanged zeolites are benchmark CO2 adsorbents, already used at the plant scale.
Amino-functionalized mesoporous silicates exhibit high CO2 affinity, requiring CO2-free conditions for full regeneration.
Functionalized MOFs show superior CO2 adsorption capacities, making them promising for industrial applications.

Conclusions:

Functionalized nanoporous materials offer enhanced CO2 capture capabilities.
MOFs present a strong potential for large-scale CO2 capture due to their high working capacities.
Further research is needed to develop reliable pelletization methods for mesoporous silicates and MOFs for practical implementation.