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Related Concept Videos

Electrocardiogram Fundamentals01:28

Electrocardiogram Fundamentals

2.2K
Introduction
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool for identifying cardiac conditions such as arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and myocardial ischemia.
Definition
An electrocardiogram (ECG) visualizes the heart's electrical activity by tracing the electrical movement associated with each heartbeat on a graph or monitor. As the heart beats, an electrical wave passes through it, correlating with the cardiac cycle events.
Parts of an ECG
An ECG utilizes electrodes on the skin...
2.2K
Electrocardiogram01:29

Electrocardiogram

9.8K
An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and...
9.8K
ECG Interpretation of Rhythms01:24

ECG Interpretation of Rhythms

21.2K
An electrocardiogram (ECG)graphically represents the heart's electrical activity on ECG paper or a monitor.
Components of the Electrocardiogram
The primary components of a normal ECG waveform in Normal sinus rhythm(NSR) include the P wave, PR interval, QRS complex, ST segment, T wave, and occasionally a U wave.
ECG waveforms are divided by vertical and horizontal lines at standard intervals.
The horizontal axis measures time and rate, and the vertical axis measures amplitude or voltage....
21.2K
Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle01:25

Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle

13.6K
The electrical signals recorded on an electrocardiogram (ECG) occur before the mechanical processes of contraction and relaxation during the cardiac cycle.
A cardiac action potential originates in the SA node and spreads throughout the atria and the AV node in approximately 0.03 seconds. This results in the P wave in an ECG and triggers atrial contraction. The action potential is then briefly slowed at the AV node, allowing the atria to contract and fill the ventricles with blood before...
13.6K
Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias01:29

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

709
Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per...
709
ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

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Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

Ultrasound-based Pulse Wave Velocity Evaluation in Mice
08:07

Ultrasound-based Pulse Wave Velocity Evaluation in Mice

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U wave variability in the surface ECG.

Piotr Kukla1, Adrian Baranchuk, Marek Jastrzębski

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Specialistic Hospital, Gorlice, Poland.

Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology : the Official Journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc
|April 23, 2014
PubMed
Summary

This study highlights unusual electrocardiogram (ECG) findings in a patient with severe heart failure and chronic kidney disease. The ECG showed unique T-wave and U-wave abnormalities, including beat-to-beat polarity variability.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Electrophysiology
Keywords:
U-wave variabilityheart failurehyperkalemia

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Background:

  • A 72-year-old male patient presented with multiple comorbidities including heart failure with severely reduced ejection fraction (20%), a history of ischemic stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and an acute exacerbation of chronic renal failure.
  • Key laboratory findings included hyperkalemia (serum potassium 6.1 mmol/L), a low-normal calcium level (2.15 mmol/L), and significantly elevated N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) at 28,900 pg/mL, indicative of cardiac strain.