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Related Concept Videos

Chemistry of Carbohydrates03:25

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Carbohydrates are an essential part of the diet in humans and animals. Grains, fruits, and vegetables are natural sources of carbohydrates that provide energy to the body, particularly through glucose, a simple sugar that is a component of starch and an ingredient in many staple foods. The stoichiometric formula (CH2O)n, where n is the number of carbons in the molecule represents carbohydrates. In other words, the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen is 1:2:1 in carbohydrate molecules. This...
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Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
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 Every plant cell has a cell wall that protects the cell, provides structural support, and gives the cell shape. Cellulose, the main structural component of the plant cell wall, makes up over 30% of plant matter. It is the most abundant organic compound on earth.  Cellulose is an unbranched polysaccharide composed of linear chains of glucose molecules linked by β (1→4) glycosidic bonds.
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High Resolution Quantification of Crystalline Cellulose Accumulation in Arabidopsis Roots to Monitor Tissue-specific Cell Wall Modifications
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Analysis of crystallinity changes in cellulose II polymers using carbohydrate-binding modules.

Ján Široký1, Thomas A S Benians2, Stephen J Russell3

  • 1Sustainable Materials Research Group, Centre for Technical Textiles, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Textile and Fiber Chemistry in Cellulosics, Research Institute of Textile Chemistry and Textile Physics, University of Innsbruck, Höchsterstraße 73, A-6850 Dornbirn, Austria.

Carbohydrate Polymers
|April 23, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) visualize cellulose II crystallinity changes in lyocell fibers after NaOH treatment. CBMs confirm the

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Comprehensive Compositional Analysis of Plant Cell Walls Lignocellulosic biomass Part II: Carbohydrates
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Estimation of Crystalline Cellulose Content of Plant Biomass using the Updegraff Method
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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) are versatile molecular probes.
  • CBMs recognize crystalline and amorphous cellulose structures.
  • Plant cell walls and cellulose-based materials are key research areas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To visualize and quantify cellulose II crystallinity changes in lyocell fibers.
  • To investigate the impact of NaOH treatment on cellulose structure.
  • To validate the 'skin-core' model of lyocell fibers.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized cellulose-directed CBMs for labeling.
  • Applied CBM-labeling techniques to lyocell fibers.
  • Combined CBM methods with image analysis and ATR-FTIR.

Main Results:

  • NaOH treatment induced significant changes in cellulose II crystallinity.
  • Crystallinity changes peaked at specific NaOH concentrations and treatment conditions.
  • CBM labeling accurately quantified alterations in amorphous cellulose regions.
  • CBM techniques validated the 'skin-core' model of lyocell fibers.

Conclusions:

  • CBM-labeling is an effective method for studying cellulose structure and modifications.
  • NaOH treatment significantly alters the supramolecular structure of lyocell fibers.
  • The 'skin-core' model of lyocell fibers was confirmed using CBM techniques.