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Oxidation-reduction or redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one molecule or atom to another. When an atom gains an electron, another atom must lose an electron, meaning oxidation and reduction must occur together. Since the redox occurs in pairs, the atom that gets oxidized is also called the reducing agent or reductant, and the atom that is reduced is also called the oxidizing agent or oxidant. A straightforward way to remember the definitions of oxidation and reduction is...
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Redox reactions are vital biochemical processes that underpin energy metabolism in cells. These reactions involve the transfer of electrons between molecules, occurring in tandem as oxidation and reduction. Oxidation refers to the loss of electrons, while reduction denotes their gain. This coupling ensures the seamless flow of electrons through metabolic pathways. For example, in bacterial metabolism, glucose undergoes oxidation to carbon dioxide, while oxygen is simultaneously reduced to...
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In a galvanic cell, the electrical work is done by a redox system on its surroundings as electrons produced by the spontaneous redox reactions are transferred through an external circuit. Alternatively, an external circuit does work on a redox system by imposing a voltage sufficient to drive an otherwise nonspontaneous reaction in a process known as electrolysis. For instance, recharging a battery involves the use of an external power source to drive the spontaneous (discharge) cell reaction in...
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In the presence of oxidizing agents, phenols are oxidized to quinones. Quinones can be easily reduced back to phenols using mild reducing agents. The electron-donating hydroxyl group enhances the reactivity of the aromatic ring, enabling oxidation of the ring even in the absence of an α hydrogen.
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An effective redox system for bleaching cotton cellulose.

E S Abdel-Halim1

  • 1Petrochemical Research Chair, Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, P.O. Box 2455, Saudi Arabia; Textile Research Division, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.

Carbohydrate Polymers
|April 23, 2014
PubMed
Summary

A novel sodium chlorite and potassium permanganate bleaching method effectively whitens cotton fabric. This process preserves the fabric's mechanical integrity, offering a viable alternative for textile finishing.

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Area of Science:

  • Textile Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Traditional cotton bleaching methods can degrade fabric strength.
  • Developing eco-friendly and effective bleaching agents is crucial for the textile industry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate an effective sodium chlorite/potassium permanganate bleaching system for cotton fabric.
  • To evaluate the impact of this bleaching system on the mechanical properties of cotton fabric.

Main Methods:

  • Cotton fabric was treated with potassium permanganate to deposit Mn(III) on the surface.
  • The fabric was subsequently bleached using a sodium chlorite solution under optimized conditions.
  • Fabric whiteness, carboxyl/carbonyl content, weight loss, and tensile strength were measured.

Main Results:

  • Optimal bleaching achieved at 50 °C using 0.01 N potassium permanganate and 5 g/l sodium chlorite.
  • The developed method yielded a satisfactory whiteness index.
  • Minimal loss in fabric tensile strength was observed, preserving mechanical properties.

Conclusions:

  • The sodium chlorite/potassium permanganate system is effective for cotton bleaching.
  • This method offers a balance between achieving high whiteness and maintaining fabric strength.
  • The optimized parameters provide a practical approach for industrial textile bleaching.