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Plasticizing effect of ionic liquid on cellulose acetate obtained by melt processing.

Amine Bendaoud1, Yvan Chalamet1

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Ionic liquid (BMIMCl) effectively plasticizes cellulose acetate (CA) by disrupting its crystalline structure more than diethylphthalate (DEP). This ionic liquid enhances CA properties through strong molecular interactions, reducing chain interactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Cellulose acetate (CA) is a versatile biopolymer with applications in various industries.
  • Plasticizers are crucial for modifying CA's properties, but traditional plasticizers have limitations.
  • Ionic liquids offer unique properties as potential plasticizers for polymers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the plasticization of cellulose acetate (CA) using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMIMCl).
  • To compare the effectiveness of BMIMCl with diethylphthalate (DEP) as a plasticizer for CA.
  • To analyze the impact of BMIMCl on the structural, thermo-mechanical, rheological, and tensile properties of CA.

Main Methods:

  • Melt processing of cellulose acetate with plasticizers at 150°C.
  • Structural analysis to observe changes in crystallinity.
  • Thermo-mechanical testing to evaluate thermal stability and mechanical behavior.
  • Rheological measurements to assess flow properties.
  • Tensile testing to determine mechanical strength and modulus.

Main Results:

  • 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMIMCl) demonstrated superior plasticization of CA compared to diethylphthalate (DEP).
  • BMIMCl significantly disrupted the crystalline structure of cellulose acetate.
  • Intensive interactions, including van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interactions, were observed between BMIMCl and CA.
  • Plasticized CA exhibited a lower Young's modulus, indicating reduced interaction between CA chains.

Conclusions:

  • Ionic liquid BMIMCl is an effective plasticizer for cellulose acetate, surpassing DEP in performance.
  • The enhanced plasticization is attributed to strong molecular interactions between BMIMCl and CA.
  • BMIMCl treatment significantly alters the structural and mechanical properties of cellulose acetate, leading to increased flexibility.