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Cardiovascular pathophysiology in chronic kidney disease: opportunities to transition from disease to health

Matthew I Tomey1, Jonathan A Winston1

  • 1Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.

Annals of Global Health
|April 23, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) significantly increases cardiovascular risk through various pathophysiological changes. Understanding these renocardiac pathways is crucial for improving patient outcomes and preventing CKD.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent condition.
  • CKD is strongly linked to a high incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  • Traditional risk factors do not fully account for the elevated CVD risk in CKD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the complex pathophysiological pathways linking CKD to adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
  • To highlight the need for a deeper understanding of renocardiac pathophysiology.

Main Methods:

  • This study reviews the known pathophysiological derangements in CKD.
  • The review focuses on how these derangements contribute to cardiovascular complications.

Main Results:

  • CKD involves disordered homeostasis (sodium, potassium, water), altered hormonal activity (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone, sympathetic nervous system), anemia, bone and mineral metabolism disturbances, uremia, and toxin accumulation.
  • These factors are implicated in the direct progression of cardiovascular disease and adverse outcomes in CKD patients.

Conclusions:

  • Enhanced understanding of renocardiac pathophysiology is essential for improving cardiovascular health in CKD patients.
  • Preventing the onset of CKD may be the most effective long-term strategy for reducing cardiovascular burden.
Abstract

Keywords:
cardiorenal syndromecardiovascular diseasechronic kidney diseaserenocardiac syndrome

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