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Approaches to growth faltering

Brenda Poindexter1

  • 1Indiana University School of Medicine, Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, Ind., USA.

World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics
|April 23, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Optimizing early nutrition is crucial for premature infants to prevent growth failure. Providing 120 kcal/kg/day and 3.8 g/kg/day protein by the first week aids growth recovery.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Growth and Development

Background:

  • Postnatal growth failure is a common complication in extremely premature infants.
  • Growth faltering is inversely related to gestational age and difficult to reverse once established.
  • Early nutritional support decisions are influenced by perceived illness severity in the first week.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the critical importance of optimizing nutrient intake in the initial weeks of life for very low birth weight infants.
  • To establish target nutritional goals for promoting growth and preventing growth faltering.
  • To emphasize the necessity of a combined nutritional strategy and growth monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current understanding of postnatal growth failure in prematurity.
  • Analysis of the impact of early nutritional support on infant growth outcomes.
  • Discussion of recommended nutritional targets and delivery methods.

Main Results:

  • A goal of 120 kcal/kg/day and 3.8 g/kg/day of protein by the end of the first week is recommended.
  • Combined parenteral and enteral nutrition is necessary for adequate intake and minimizing deficits.
  • Growth monitoring, including linear and head circumference, is essential.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing early nutrition is critical for reducing growth faltering in extremely premature infants.
  • Achieving specific protein and energy targets through combined nutrition strategies is vital.
  • Continuous growth monitoring is necessary for optimal outcomes in very low birth weight infants.

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