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Functional lateralization of the anterior insula during feedback processing.

Jakub Späti1, Justin Chumbley, Janis Brakowski

  • 1Preclinical Laboratory for Translational Research into Affective Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Zurich, Switzerland.

Human Brain Mapping
|April 23, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Understanding agency, or our sense of control over outcomes, is key to adaptive behavior. This study reveals distinct brain regions, including the anterior insula (AI), involved in processing self-attributed rewards and punishments.

Keywords:
agencyerror processingfeedbackfunctional magnetic resonance imaginginsulasalience

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Decision Neuroscience

Background:

  • Effective adaptive behavior relies on understanding personal agency and control over environmental outcomes.
  • Attribution of agency influences behavioral and affective responses to rewards and punishments.
  • Neural mechanisms of self-attributed feedback processing remain unclear, though the anterior insula (AI) is implicated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural mechanisms underlying the processing of self- and externally attributed rewards and punishments.
  • To clarify the specific role of the anterior insula (AI) in feedback evaluation and error processing.
  • To explore how the brain differentiates between self- and externally caused outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed.
  • A motion prediction task was utilized to elicit self- and externally attributed feedback.
  • Neural responses to monetary gains and losses, varying in valence and attribution, were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Significant interactions between feedback valence and attribution were observed in the right anterior insula (AI), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), midbrain, and ventral putamen.
  • Self-attributed losses showed increased activity in the midbrain, ACC, and right AI, with decreased BOLD response in the ventral putamen.
  • Higher BOLD activity to self-attributed feedback (both losses and gains) was found in the left AI, thalamus, and cerebellar vermis.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest functional lateralization within the anterior insula (AI).
  • The right AI, midbrain, and ACC appear crucial for processing outcome salience.
  • The left AI is part of a cerebello-thalamic-cortical network involved in cognitive control and behavioral adaptation.