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Related Concept Videos

Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

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The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
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Different secretion patterns of matrix metalloproteinases and IL-8 and effect of corticotropin-releasing hormone in preterm and term cervical fibroblasts.

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Identification of the major proteoglycans from human myometrium.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

Biaxial Basal Tone and Passive Testing of the Murine Reproductive System Using a Pressure Myograph
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Preterm Cervical Ripening in humans.

G Ekman-Ordeberg1, A Dubicke1

  • 1Department of Womens and Childrens' Health, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institute, 171 76 Stockholm.

Facts, Views & Vision in Obgyn
|April 23, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Preterm birth remains a major challenge. Cervical ripening, crucial for delivery, is an inflammatory process with distinct mechanisms in preterm labor compared to term labor.

Keywords:
CRHCervical ripeningHMGB1cervical fibroblastscytokinespreterm labour

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Immunology
  • Obstetrics

Background:

  • Preterm birth (PTB) is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity.
  • Current PTB incidence has remained unchanged for 30 years due to incomplete understanding of underlying mechanisms.
  • Cervical ripening is essential for vaginal delivery, necessitating research into preterm cervical ripening mechanisms for new treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the biological and pathophysiological mechanisms of cervical ripening in preterm labor.
  • To identify key molecules and inflammatory pathways involved in preterm cervical ripening.
  • To compare preterm cervical ripening with term cervical ripening.

Main Methods:

  • Localization and changes of key substances like HMGB1, CRH, and cytokines in the cervix during labor.
  • Analysis of cervical epithelium and fibroblast expression and secretion patterns.
  • Comparison of molecular and inflammatory profiles between preterm and term cervical ripening.

Main Results:

  • Cervical ripening is an inflammatory process, irrespective of gestational age or infection.
  • Preterm cervical ripening involves distinct molecular changes, including down-regulation of Toll-like receptors (TLR-2, TLR-4) and IL-12, and higher IL-10 levels.
  • Differences in secretion patterns of cervical fibroblasts are observed in preterm labor.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the inflammatory nature and distinct molecular pathways of preterm cervical ripening is crucial for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.
  • Preterm cervical ripening is multifactorial, with pathways partially differing from PPROM and infected preterm labor.