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Palivizumab compliance by infants in Puerto Rico during the 2009-2010 respiratory syncytial virus season

Israel Matías1, Inés García-García, Lourdes García-Fragoso

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Neonatology Section, UPR School of Medicine, PO BOX 365067, San Juan, PR, 00936-5067, USA, israel.matias@upr.edu.

Journal of Community Health
|April 24, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Palivizumab prophylaxis compliance for infants against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was low in Puerto Rico. Key barriers included insurance denials and parental factors, necessitating improved education and strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of infant bronchiolitis and pneumonia.
  • Palivizumab is a monoclonal antibody used for RSV prophylaxis in high-risk infants.
  • Understanding prophylaxis compliance is crucial for effective disease prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the compliance rate of palivizumab prophylaxis for eligible infants in Puerto Rico.
  • To identify barriers to palivizumab prophylaxis adherence.
  • To inform strategies for improving RSV prevention in vulnerable infant populations.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 868 infants during the 2009-2010 RSV season in Puerto Rico.
  • Data analysis included infant demographics, gestational age, birth weight, and prophylaxis receipt.
  • Reasons for noncompliance were documented and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Only 74% of infants with indications received palivizumab prophylaxis.
  • Major barriers included medical insurance non-approval (53%), parental unavailability (31%), and infant sickness (11%).
  • Infants with government insurance faced higher denial rates and fewer doses.

Conclusions:

  • Palivizumab prophylaxis compliance in Puerto Rico is suboptimal.
  • Addressing insurance barriers and enhancing parental engagement are critical.
  • Improved physician awareness and targeted strategies are needed to increase RSV prophylaxis adherence.

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