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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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What is the Skeletal System?01:02

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Overview
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Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
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Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

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Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Models of Bone Metastasis
08:49

Models of Bone Metastasis

Published on: September 4, 2012

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Paget's disease of bone.

A Tan1, S H Ralston2

  • 1From the Rheumatic Diseases Unit and Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK.

QJM : Monthly Journal of the Association of Physicians
|April 24, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Paget

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Area of Science:

  • Bone Biology and Disease
  • Endocrinology and Metabolism

Background:

  • Paget's disease of bone involves abnormal bone remodeling.
  • It can lead to symptoms like pain, fracture, and deformity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in Paget's disease.
  • To discuss epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, and management.
  • To highlight future research challenges.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advances in Paget's disease.
  • Synthesis of current understanding of pathophysiology.
  • Analysis of available treatment agents.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress in understanding Paget's disease pathophysiology.
  • Development of effective treatments to suppress abnormal bone turnover.
  • Identification of remaining challenges in explaining disease distribution and natural history.

Conclusions:

  • Effective treatments are available for Paget's disease.
  • Further research is needed to address disease distribution and long-term outcomes.
  • Understanding and managing Paget's disease has advanced considerably.