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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
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Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention01:30

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Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
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Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

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Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
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Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets01:17

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Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
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Respiratory symptoms, such as congestion and cough, commonly accompany respiratory tract conditions. Various medications, such as antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics, play crucial roles in providing relief.
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Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:16

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Upper respiratory tract disorders, including viral infections and allergic rhinitis, cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily life. Managing these conditions involves a variety of drugs, such as antihistamines, intranasal steroids, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Specific examples of drugs in each category are provided.
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Absence of Macrolide-Resistant Mutations in <i>Bordetella pertussis</i> in Antananarivo (Madagascar) and Cambodia During the Last Pertussis Cycle Before the COVID-19 Pandemic.

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Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice
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How to fight pertussis?

Nicole Guiso1

  • 1Institut Pasteur, unité Prévention et Thérapie Moléculaires des Maladies Humaines, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.

Therapeutic Advances in Vaccines
|April 24, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Despite widespread vaccination, pertussis remains a public health concern. Boosters for adolescents and adults are crucial to protect newborns and enhance herd immunity against Bordetella pertussis.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Universal pertussis vaccination has reduced childhood illness but pertussis persists globally.
  • Recent epidemics highlight ongoing circulation of Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis.
  • Pertussis surveillance is essential due to waning immunity and evolving bacterial strains.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the multifaceted aspects of pertussis surveillance post-vaccination introduction.
  • To emphasize the need for updated vaccination strategies and public health communication.
  • To highlight the importance of monitoring bacterial polymorphism and antibiotic resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pertussis vaccine types (whole-cell vs. acellular) and their immunological impact.
Keywords:
Bordetella speciesdiagnosispertussis vaccinessurveillance

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  • Analysis of vaccine strategies, coverage, and duration of immunity.
  • Examination of Bordetella species, diagnostic methods, and public health communication.

    • Main Results:

    • Pertussis persists despite high infant vaccination rates, indicating waning immunity.
    • Different vaccine types induce varying immune responses.
    • Bacterial polymorphism necessitates ongoing surveillance and antibiotic resistance monitoring.
    • Effective communication and accessible diagnostics are vital.

    Conclusions:

    • Current herd immunity is insufficient, requiring booster vaccinations for adolescents and adults.
    • Protecting unvaccinated newborns is paramount.
    • Continuous surveillance of pertussis agents, diagnostics, and vaccination impact is critical.