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Patch testing for vulval symptoms: our experience with 282 patients.

F Al-Niaimi¹, S Felton, J Williams

¹St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology

|April 25, 2014

Summary

Vulval allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) affects many women, often presenting with non-specific symptoms like pruritus. Diagnosis is more likely in those exposed to multiple potential irritants, highlighting the need for thorough investigation.

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Area of Science:

Dermatology
Allergology
Contact Dermatitis

Background:

Vulval allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) can be a primary condition or secondary to other vulval skin issues.
Limited research exists on the incidence and specific allergens causing vulval ACD.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the incidence of vulval ACD.
To identify allergens responsible for vulval ACD in a large patient cohort.

Main Methods:

Retrospective review of 282 patients investigated for vulval symptoms.
Patch testing conducted in a tertiary referral contact dermatitis unit.

Main Results:

Overall incidence of vulval ACD was 54% in the studied population.
Nickel was a common allergen but often irrelevant; fragrances and topical antibiotics/anesthetics were less common but relevant.
Positive reactions were more frequent in patients with chronic symptoms or extensive product use.

Conclusions:

Vulval ACD impacts women across a broad age spectrum with nonspecific symptoms like pruritus.
Patients may endure symptoms for years before dermatological consultation.
Increased exposure to potential sensitizers correlates with a higher likelihood of vulval ACD diagnosis.