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Targeted genomic rearrangements using CRISPR/Cas technology

Peter S Choi1, Matthew Meyerson2

  • 11] Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cancer Program, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.

Nature Communications
|April 25, 2014
PubMed

Insights

CRISPR/Cas technology enables precise generation of cancer-related chromosomal rearrangements, like CD74-ROS1 translocations and EML4-ALK inversions. This breakthrough facilitates functional analysis of genomic rearrangements in lung cancer research.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Genomics
  • Cancer Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Genomic rearrangements are common in cancer but challenging to engineer for study.
  • Specific chromosomal alterations drive cancer development, particularly in lung cancer.
  • Functional analysis of these rearrangements is crucial for understanding oncogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the utility of CRISPR/Cas technology for generating specific chromosomal rearrangements.
  • To create models for studying driver events in lung cancer.
  • To provide a tractable method for investigating genomic rearrangements.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology.
  • Targeted specific loci to induce DNA breaks.
  • Induced chromosomal translocations and inversions implicated in lung cancer.

Main Results:

  • Successfully generated CD74-ROS1 translocations.
  • Successfully generated EML4-ALK and KIF5B-RET inversions.
  • Demonstrated efficient rearrangement between targeted loci via Cas9-induced breaks.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR/Cas technology offers a precise method for creating complex genomic rearrangements.
  • This approach enables functional studies of cancer-driving chromosomal alterations.
  • The method provides a valuable tool for cancer genomics research.

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