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Notes from the field: measles - California, January 1-April 18, 2014

Jennifer Zipprich, Jill K Hacker, Erin L Murray

    MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
    |April 25, 2014
    PubMed

    Insights

    Measles outbreaks are resurging in California, with 58 cases reported in early 2014, the highest since 1995. This highlights the ongoing risk of measles despite its elimination status in the US.

    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Epidemiology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Measles is a highly contagious viral illness with potential for severe complications, including subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.
    • The United States declared measles eliminated in 2000, but imported cases and local transmission persist.
    • California has experienced a notable increase in measles cases in early 2014.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report on the measles cases in California during January 1-April 18, 2014.
    • To analyze the demographic distribution of reported measles cases.
    • To assess the severity of reported measles cases, including hospitalizations and deaths.

    Main Methods:

    • Data collection through reports to the California Department of Public Health.
    • Analysis of confirmed measles cases from January 1 to April 18, 2014.
    • Comparison of current case numbers with historical data.

    Main Results:

    • 58 confirmed measles cases reported in California between January 1 and April 18, 2014.
    • This represents the highest number of cases for this period since 1995.
    • Patients ranged from 5 months to 60 years, with 55% aged 20 years or older.
    • 12 hospitalizations were reported; no deaths occurred.

    Conclusions:

    • The 2014 measles case count in California significantly exceeds the median annual number reported between 2000-2013.
    • The findings underscore the continued threat of measles importation and transmission in the US.
    • Public health surveillance and vaccination efforts remain critical to prevent widespread outbreaks.

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