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Isolation of Double Negative αβ T Cells from the Kidney
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Elevated double negative T cells in pediatric autoimmunity.

James A Tarbox1, Molly P Keppel, Nermina Topcagic

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy/Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.

Journal of Clinical Immunology
|April 25, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Double negative T cells (DNTs) are elevated in some children with autoimmune diseases like SLE. Further research is needed to understand the role of these immune cells in pediatric autoimmune conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pediatric Autoimmunity
  • T cell subsets

Background:

  • Autoimmune diseases stem from a loss of self-tolerance.
  • Increased double negative T cells (DNTs) may indicate immune dysregulation.
  • DNTs are elevated in some adult autoimmune conditions but unstudied in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and levels of DNTs in pediatric patients with autoimmune diseases.
  • To compare DNT levels in children with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD), Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA), and elevated Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) against healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry was used to analyze peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 54 pediatric patients and 28 healthy controls.
  • DNTs were identified as CD3(+)CD56(-)TCRαβ(+)CD4(-)CD8(-).
  • Phenotypic markers, including CD45RA, were analyzed on DNTs.

Main Results:

  • Elevated DNTs (≥2.5%) were found in 29.6% of pediatric patients compared to 3.6% of controls.
  • DNT levels were not associated with medication use or absolute lymphocyte count and remained stable over time.
  • DNTs from patients with autoimmune disease showed increased CD45RA expression compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Double negative T cells are elevated in a subset of pediatric patients diagnosed with autoimmune diseases.
  • Further research is necessary to elucidate the specific pathogenic role of DNTs in pediatric autoimmunity.