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Related Concept Videos

Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction01:29

Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction

40
Intervertebral disc herniation refers to the displacement of the nucleus pulposus (the gel-like inner core of the disc) through a tear or weakened area in the annulus fibrosus (the outer fibrous ring). The displaced disc material extends beyond the normal boundaries of the disc space and may compress or irritate nearby spinal nerve roots or, less commonly, the spinal cord.Etiology and Risk FactorsHerniation commonly results from degeneration, in which aging reduces disc hydration and...
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Degenerative Disc Disease I: Introduction01:27

Degenerative Disc Disease I: Introduction

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Degenerative disc disease is a chronic condition in which intervertebral discs gradually lose structure and function. It is not infectious or autoimmune; rather, it results from age-related biochemical and mechanical changes, influenced by genetic, metabolic, and environmental factors.Structure and Function of DiscsThe spine contains 23 intervertebral discs that absorb load, distribute forces, maintain spacing, and allow flexibility. Each disc consists of a nucleus pulposus, a gel-like core...
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Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology

30
The symptoms of degenerative disc disease arise from a combination of mechanical compression, vascular compromise, and biochemical inflammation, which together disrupt nerve function and produce pain.Mechanical CompressionDisc degeneration reduces height and elasticity, predisposing to herniation of the nucleus pulposus, a major cause of radicular pain. Herniations may be protrusion (bulging with intact annulus), extrusion (nucleus extends beyond disc but remains connected), or sequestration...
30

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Transtubular Endoscopic Posterolateral Decompression for L5-S1 Lumbar Lateral Disc Herniation
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Risk factors for recurrent lumbar disc herniations.

Byung-Joon Shin1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Spine Center, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Asian Spine Journal
|April 25, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Reherniation after lumbar discectomy is common. This review summarizes modifiable risk factors like smoking and alcohol, excluding unchangeable ones like age, to reduce recurrence risk.

Keywords:
Herniated discLumbar regionRecurrenceRisk factors

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Orthopedics
  • Spinal Surgery

Background:

  • Reherniation is the most frequent complication following lumbar discectomy.
  • Identifying risk factors is crucial for reducing recurrence rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize modifiable risk factors associated with recurrent lumbar disc herniation.
  • To exclude immutable factors like age and sex from the analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating risk factors for lumbar discectomy reherniation.
  • Focus on modifiable factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and activity restrictions.

Main Results:

  • Several factors, including smoking, alcohol use, and restricted activity duration, are implicated in reherniation risk.
  • Significant variability exists in reported risk factors, with few consistently agreed upon.
  • Other potential factors like diabetes and BMI also warrant consideration.

Conclusions:

  • Further large-scale, multicenter prospective studies are needed to definitively establish risk factors for recurrent lumbar disc herniation.
  • Understanding modifiable risk factors can guide strategies to minimize reherniation post-surgery.