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[Drowning risk factors into cistern for children 1 to 4 years old]
Insights
Childhood drowning deaths in home cisterns are linked to unsecured covers and water removal methods. Preventive measures in education and engineering are crucial for reducing suffocation risks in young children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric safety
- Environmental health
- Injury prevention
Context:
- Home cisterns pose a significant drowning risk for young children.
- Childhood drowning is a leading cause of accidental death.
- This study focuses on Guadalajara's metropolitan area.
Purpose:
- To identify risk factors for drowning deaths in home cisterns among children aged 1-4 years.
- To analyze the association between cistern characteristics and drowning incidents.
- To inform preventive strategies for childhood drowning.
Summary:
- A case-control study involving 28 drowning victims and 113 controls found that cistern cover type, security, water removal methods, and location were associated with drowning deaths.
- Younger parents and incomplete housing construction were also noted factors.
- Children aged two and three years faced the highest risk.
Impact:
- Highlights the need for improved cistern safety features and public education.
- Provides data to support policy changes in home safety regulations.
- Aims to reduce preventable drowning deaths in young children.
Objective:
Analyze risk factors for drowning deaths in tanks, from home, for children between one and four years, residents of the metropolitan area of Guadalajara and the neighboring municipalities in the period 2009-2011.
Material And Methods:
Case-control study, 28 children (cases) between one and four years old, whose cause of death was drowning in the well of your home, from 2009-2011, in the metropolitan zone of Guadalajara and the neighboring municipalities, and 113 children (controls) of the same age, if neighbors whose homes had cistern. Deaths were classified with W73 and W74 codes from International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD 10th). A questionnaire for variables: age and sex of child; age, marital status, occupation and education of the household head and mother; housing conditions; and location, type and segurity cistern lid, and forms the removal of water therefrom.
Results:
The rate of drowning deaths, age-specific, was 2.7 deaths per 100,000 children between one and four years of age during the study period. The ages of two and three years had the greatest risk of drowning. Sex had a predominance of children, two girls one over. The heads of families and mothers of cases were younger (< 29 years), with maximum secondary schooling. Most of the houses had not finished complete. The characteristics of de well, as metal lid,foil or plastic, the lack of assurance of the tank and the location of the cover, crossing sites, showed association with death by drowning. The absence of a pump to draw water in cases the proved statistically more significant with p = 0.002.
Conclusion:
The results of our study show the presence of drowning deaths in children between one and four years associated with the type of cistern cover, the locking mechanism, a way of extracting the water and the location of the well, and thus the need to implement preventive measures in education and engineering, to reduce or avoid the risk of death by suffocation in the study group.
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