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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Left Atrial Stenosis Induced Pulmonary Venous Arterialization and Group 2 Pulmonary Hypertension in Rat

Left Atrial Stenosis Induced Pulmonary Venous Arterialization and Group 2 Pulmonary Hypertension in Rat

Published on: November 18, 2018

[Pulmonary complications in liver diseases].

T Horvatits¹, A Drolz, K Rutter

¹Klinik für Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland.

Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin Und Notfallmedizin

|April 26, 2014

Summary

Pulmonary-hepatic vascular disorders like hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) are common in cirrhosis patients. Early diagnosis and targeted therapies, including oxygen and liver transplant for HPS, are crucial for improved outcomes.

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Establishment and Validation of a Rat Model of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Associated with Pulmonary Fibrosis

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Published on: May 23, 2025

Area of Science:

Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Pulmonology
Cardiology

Context:

Portal hypertension and cirrhosis frequently lead to pulmonary-hepatic vascular disorders.
Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS), portopulmonary hypertension (POPH), and hepatic hydrothorax are significant complications.
HPS affects up to 30% of cirrhosis patients, doubling mortality risk.

Purpose:

To review current knowledge on pulmonary-hepatic vascular disorders, emphasizing hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS).
To outline diagnostic criteria for HPS and portopulmonary hypertension (POPH).
To summarize therapeutic strategies for HPS and POPH.

Summary:

HPS diagnosis involves arterial blood gas analysis and contrast-enhanced echocardiography.
POPH diagnosis requires evaluating pulmonary arterial hypertension via right heart catheterization in portal hypertension.
Treatment for severe HPS includes oxygen therapy and liver transplantation; POPH requires targeted medical therapies (e.g., endothelin receptor antagonists) and avoidance of beta-blockers.

Impact:

Early identification and management of HPS and POPH can improve patient survival and quality of life.
This review provides a concise guide for clinicians managing these complex pulmonary-hepatic vascular complications.
Understanding optimal therapeutic approaches is vital for mitigating the severe consequences of these disorders in cirrhosis patients.