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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
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Functions of the Gut Microbiota01:18

Functions of the Gut Microbiota

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The gut microbiota includes trillions of microorganisms that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi. This complex ecosystem plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal and systemic health. Most of these microbes inhabit the large intestine, establishing a relatively stable and diverse community that contributes to gut homeostasis through various metabolic, immunological, and protective mechanisms.Dominant bacterial phyla, such as...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

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Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
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The Oral Microbiota01:27

The Oral Microbiota

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The oral microbiome includes a complex ecosystem comprising over 700 microbial species, identified through genomic sequencing and culture-based analyses to date. This community includes a core microbiome, found universally among individuals, and a variable component influenced by environmental factors such as diet, lifestyle, and host genetics. Site-specific conditions, including oxygen gradients, pH levels, and nutrient availability, determine the spatial distribution of these microorganisms...
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Gut-Brain Axis01:22

Gut-Brain Axis

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The gut–brain axis is a bidirectional communication system that connects the gastrointestinal tract and the brain. This interaction is mediated through multiple pathways, including the vagus nerve, hormonal signals, immune responses, and chemical messengers produced by gut microbes.Microbial Contributions to Brain FunctionGut microbiota contributes significantly to brain function by producing neuroactive compounds. These include neuroactive compounds that influence neurotransmitters such...
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Introduction to the Human Microbiota01:22

Introduction to the Human Microbiota

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Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
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Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

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Diet, microbiota and autoimmune diseases.

S M Vieira1, O E Pagovich, M A Kriegel

  • 11Department of Immunobiology.

Lupus
|April 26, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Diet impacts the gut microbiota, influencing autoimmune diseases. Caloric restriction may benefit autoimmune conditions by altering the gut microbiome and virome, affecting immune responses.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • The gut microbiota significantly influences autoimmune disease development, particularly in genetically predisposed individuals.
  • Dietary interventions modulate gut microbial communities, impacting immune system function.
  • Understanding the interplay between diet, microbiota, and autoimmunity is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the intricate relationships between diet, gut microbiota, and autoimmune diseases.
  • To explore the hypothesis that caloric restriction's benefits in autoimmune models are mediated by the gut microbiome and virome.
  • To examine the immunomodulatory roles of gut commensals and diet-derived metabolites in various autoimmune conditions.

Main Methods:

Keywords:
Microbiomeautoimmunitycaloric restrictionmolecular mimicryvirome

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  • Literature review focusing on diet, gut microbiota, and autoimmune diseases.
  • Analysis of murine models for arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and type 1 diabetes.
  • Examination of germ-free mouse models for systemic lupus and antiphospholipid syndrome.

    • Main Results:

    • Dietary changes profoundly affect gut microbial composition and function, influencing immune responses.
    • Specific gut commensals, their products, and diet-derived metabolites exhibit immunomodulatory potential in preclinical autoimmune models.
    • Caloric restriction's therapeutic effects in autoimmune conditions may involve modifications to the gut microbiome and virome.

    Conclusions:

    • The gut microbiome and virome are critical players in the development and progression of autoimmune diseases.
    • Dietary interventions represent a promising avenue for modulating the gut microbiota to manage autoimmune conditions.
    • Further research into the diet-microbiota-immune axis is warranted to elucidate mechanisms and develop targeted therapies for autoimmune disorders.