Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 30, 2026
09:02
A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion
Published on: February 2, 2021
4.1K
Perioperative acute kidney injury
1St George's Hospital, London, SW17 0QT, UK.
Perioperative Medicine (London, England)
|April 26, 2014
Summary
Perioperative acute kidney injury (AKI) increases mortality. While definitions and risk factors are clearer, and biomarkers emerge, outcomes haven't improved, with prevention still the primary strategy.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Anesthesiology
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant perioperative complication linked to higher mortality and morbidity.
- Established consensus definitions aid in comparing clinical trial evidence.
- Identified risk factors exist in both cardiac and general surgery settings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the definition, risk factors, and emerging biomarkers for perioperative AKI.
- To discuss the current management strategies and evolving approaches to perioperative AKI.
- To highlight the lack of therapeutic interventions with proven efficacy.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on perioperative acute kidney injury.
- Analysis of consensus definitions and identified risk factors.
- Evaluation of novel biomarkers and management strategies.
Main Results:
- Despite advances in definitions and risk factor identification, patient outcomes for perioperative AKI have not significantly improved.
- Preventive measures remain the cornerstone of management.
- Evidence supporting specific therapeutic interventions for AKI in this setting is currently lacking.
Conclusions:
- Perioperative AKI necessitates continued research into effective treatments.
- Novel biomarkers show promise but require further validation.
- A multidisciplinary approach integrating prevention and early detection is crucial.
Related Concept Videos
01:22Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction
1.4K
Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
1.4K
01:29Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology
2.3K
Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
2.3K
01:30Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention
559
Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
559
01:20Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care
527
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
527
01:22Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management
788
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) results in an inability to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. Effective nursing management is critical in improving patient outcomes and includes comprehensive patient assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed history collection is essential, focusing on any recent infections, nephrotoxic medication use, or chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes that may contribute to AKI. During the physical...
788
01:29Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations
1.8K
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
1.8K