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Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:

Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management

Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management

Pleural Effusion Overview
A pleural effusion is the abnormal collection of fluid between the parietal and visceral pleura layers of tissue that form the lining of the lungs and chest cavity. It can occur independently or due to surrounding parenchymal diseases, such as infection, malignancy, or inflammatory conditions.
Clinical Manifestations:

Atypical Pneumonia

Atypical Pneumonia

Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease...

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia is an infection of the lower respiratory tract that leads to inflammation of the lung parenchyma, often resulting in the accumulation of inflammatory exudate in the alveoli and airways. Unlike the watery, low-protein fluid exudate in pulmonary edema, the exudate in this case is a thick fluid rich in immune cells, proteins, and debris produced during infection and inflammation.This impairs gas exchange and can lead to consolidation of lung tissue. The infection may be caused by a...

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:

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Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Intratumoral Injection of Cisplatin for the Treatment of Isolated Mediastinal Recurrence of Lung Cancer

Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Intratumoral Injection of Cisplatin for the Treatment of Isolated Mediastinal Recurrence of Lung Cancer

Published on: February 12, 2017

Pemetrexed induced pneumonitis.

Binod Dhakal¹, Veerpal Singh¹, Anuj Shrestha¹

¹Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA.

Clinics and Practice

|April 26, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Pneumonitis is a rare side effect of the chemotherapy drug Pemetrexed. This case highlights the importance of recognizing Pemetrexed-induced lung injury in non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Keywords:

lung cancer pemetrexed pneumonitis.

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Percutaneous Hepatic Perfusion PHP with Melphalan as a Treatment for Unresectable Metastases Confined to the Liver

Published on: July 31, 2016

Area of Science:

Oncology
Pulmonology
Pharmacology

Background:

Pemetrexed is a key antifolate chemotherapy agent used for malignant mesothelioma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Pneumonitis is a documented, albeit rare, adverse effect associated with Pemetrexed treatment.

Observation:

A 72-year-old female with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma developed progressive dyspnea after Pemetrexed maintenance therapy.
Chest CT revealed bilateral ground glass opacities, and transbronchial lung biopsy confirmed acute lung injury with interstitial widening and pneumocyte changes.

Findings:

The patient's symptoms and radiological findings resolved after discontinuing Pemetrexed and initiating prednisone treatment.
Histopathological features were consistent with acute lung injury, indicating a direct toxic effect of the chemotherapy agent.

Implications:

Increased use of Pemetrexed in NSCLC treatment necessitates greater clinical awareness of potential lung injury.
Prompt recognition and management, including drug cessation and corticosteroid therapy, are crucial for patient recovery from Pemetrexed-induced pneumonitis.