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Subnormal levels of vitamin D are associated with acute wheeze in young children

Katarina Stenberg Hammar1, Gunilla Hedlin, Jon R Konradsen

  • 1Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|April 29, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Subnormal vitamin D levels are linked to a higher risk of acute wheeze in young children. This association was observed regardless of allergies or respiratory infections, though older children were more prone to low vitamin D.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Nutritional Immunology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Acute wheeze is a common respiratory issue in preschool children.
  • Vitamin D plays a crucial role in immune system regulation.
  • Factors contributing to acute wheeze and its relationship with vitamin D require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate risk factors for acute wheeze in preschool children.
  • To determine if subnormal vitamin D levels are associated with increased risk for acute wheeze.
  • To investigate the link between vitamin D levels and atopy or respiratory infections.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 130 preschool children with acute wheeze and 101 controls.
  • Data collection included standardized questionnaires and blood sample analysis for 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and specific IgE.
  • Nasopharyngeal samples were analyzed for viral and bacterial pathogens.

Main Results:

  • Vitamin D insufficiency was significantly associated with an increased odds ratio (2.7) for acute wheeze.
  • No association was found between vitamin D insufficiency and atopy, viral/bacterial infections, or recurrent infections.
  • Children over 24 months were at higher risk for subnormal vitamin D levels, irrespective of wheezing history.

Conclusions:

  • Subnormal vitamin D levels are associated with acute wheeze in young children.
  • The findings support a role for vitamin D in the pathogenesis of acute wheeze.
  • Further research may explore vitamin D supplementation as a preventive strategy.
Abstract

Keywords:
25-hydroxyvitamin DAcute wheezeAtopyInfectionsPreschool childrenVirus

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