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Dose-dependent effects of light on hyperthymic temperament.

Kentaro Kohno¹, Hajime Baba², Takeshi Inoue³

¹Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita 879-5593, Japan.

Journal of Affective Disorders

|April 29, 2014

Summary

Higher daily light exposure, measured by sunshine hours, is linked to increased hyperthymic temperament. This study found a dose-dependent relationship between sunshine and hyperthymic traits across three Japanese cities.

Keywords:

Hyperthymic temperament Light Sunshine TEMPS-A

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Area of Science:

Psychiatry and Environmental Science

Background:

Previous research indicated a link between hyperthymic temperament and light exposure.
A prior study comparing Sapporo (43° N) and Oita (33° N) found higher hyperthymic scores in Oita residents.
Expanding the study to three regions suggested a potential dose-response relationship.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the dose-dependent relationship between daily light exposure (illuminance) and hyperthymic temperament.
To compare hyperthymic temperament scores across three distinct geographical locations in Japan with varying latitudes and sunshine hours.

Main Methods:

Collected Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego-auto questionnaire (TEMPS-A) data from residents in Sapporo, Koshigaya, and Oita.
Analyzed mean yearly total sunshine data for the past 20 years (1993-2012) for each location.
Employed multiple regression analyses to assess the relationship between sunshine and hyperthymic temperament.

Main Results:

Mean yearly sunshine hours were 1684.6h (Sapporo), 1862.9h (Koshigaya), and 2002.9h (Oita).
Sunshine significantly predicted variance in hyperthymic temperament.
A clear dose-dependent relationship was observed between sunshine exposure and hyperthymic temperament.

Conclusions:

Higher illuminance, indicated by greater sunshine, may maintain hyperthymic temperament.
The observed effect of light on hyperthymic temperament appears to be dose-dependent.
Temperature and other unexamined factors may also influence hyperthymic temperament.