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Cell Aggregation Assays to Evaluate the Binding of the Drosophila Notch with Trans-Ligands and its Inhibition by Cis-Ligands
Published on: January 2, 2018
Botch is a γ-glutamyl cyclotransferase that deglycinates and antagonizes Notch
Zhikai Chi1, Sean T Byrne2, Andrew Dolinko3
1Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Botch enzyme deglycinates Notch, preventing its maturation and promoting neurogenesis. This deglycination, a novel posttranslational modification, is crucial for Notch signaling regulation in embryonic development.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Botch is known to promote embryonic neurogenesis by inhibiting Notch maturation.
- The specific biochemical mechanism of Botch's inhibition of Notch maturation remained unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the biochemical mechanism by which Botch inhibits Notch maturation.
- To identify the role of Botch's enzymatic activity in Notch signaling and neurogenesis.
Main Methods:
- Biochemical assays to determine Botch's enzymatic activity.
- In vitro and in vivo experiments to assess the effect of Botch on Notch signaling.
- Mass spectrometry to identify posttranslational modifications on Notch.
Main Results:
- Botch exhibits gamma-glutamyl cyclotransferase (GGCT) activity, deglycinating Notch.
- Notch is monoglycinated on the gamma-glutamyl carbon of glutamate 1,669.
- Deglycination by Botch prevents S1 furin-like cleavage, inhibiting Notch maturation.
- This deglycination is essential for inhibiting Notch signaling both in vitro and in vivo.
- Deglycinated Notch at position 1,669 is replaced by 5-oxy-proline.
Conclusions:
- Botch regulates Notch signaling through a deglycination enzymatic activity.
- This study identifies a novel posttranslational modification of Notch (monoglycination) and its regulation by Botch.
- Deglycination of Notch by Botch is a critical step for proper embryonic neurogenesis.
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