Anesthetic management in hydatid disease: a review of 435 cases

Hydatid cyst diseases are still a problem in Turkey, especially in the east and southeast of Anatolian Region, as well as in many other places in the world. In this study a retrospective review was made of the anesthetic management for surgical and interventional treatment of 435 patients with hydatid cysts. The study data were collected between January 1997 and December 2012 at Harran University Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey.

Patients' demographics and localization of the cysts were recorded. Suitable anesthetic and surgical management were performed to the cysts according to their locations. Four hundred thirty-five patients had general anesthesia with a midazolam premedication and one of them was treated by sedation.

Of the 435 patients, 251 were females (57.7%) and 184 males (42.3%) and ages ranged from 1 to 74 years (mean: 36.3 ± 25.4). These include; preoperative using of steroids and antihistamines to prevent the allergy possibility, intraoperative hypotension and tachycardia and administration of colloids, and improvement of postoperative anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis was observed in only two patients who undertook percutaneous aspiration. Also bronchospasm was developed in four patients during the postoperative period and successfully treated with standard bronchodilatators.

Anaphylactic reaction during operation is a serious complication, but a very rare one. Prophylactic use of antihistamine and steroid drugs were reduced allergy and anaphylaxis.