[Complications after allogeneic bone marrow and stem cell transplantation].

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Oncology
• Immunology

Context:

• Bone marrow and stem cell transplantation (BMT/SCT) numbers have risen significantly since the 1970s.
• Improvements in techniques and supportive care have reduced immediate transplant-related fatalities.
• Nearly 50,000 BMT/SCT procedures are performed globally each year.

Purpose:

• To review the delayed complications of bone marrow and stem cell transplantation.
• To identify risk factors and reasons for reduced overall survival in transplant patients.
• To highlight the importance of follow-up care for long-term survivors.

Summary:

• Long-term survivors of BMT/SCT are experiencing delayed complications, including infections, organ dysfunction, and secondary cancers.
• High-risk factors for these complications include total body irradiation, chronic graft-versus-host disease, and childhood treatment.
• Despite successful treatment of primary diseases, overall survival is impacted by these late-onset issues.

Impact:

• Increased awareness of delayed BMT/SCT complications is essential for improving long-term patient outcomes.
• Development and updating of follow-up care guidelines (2006, 2011) are critical for managing transplant survivors.
• This review addresses the growing need for specialized care strategies for the increasing population of BMT/SCT survivors.