PI Controller: Design
PD Controller: Design
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Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Laser-induced Forward Transfer for Flip-chip Packaging of Single Dies
Published on: March 20, 2015
1The Engineering School, Zhejiang Normal University, Jin Hua, Zhejiang 321005, China.
This study introduces a portable embedded laser marking controller, overcoming the limitations of large, PC-based systems. The new controller enables precise laser marking in diverse environments.
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