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Percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy as the initial and definitive treatment for malignant pericardial effusion

Juan Ruiz-García1, Santiago Jiménez-Valero1, Raúl Moreno1

  • 1Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.

Revista Espanola De Cardiologia (English Ed.)
|April 30, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy offers an effective and safe initial treatment for malignant pericardial effusion, reducing recurrence rates compared to pericardiocentesis alone.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Oncology
  • Interventional Radiology

Background:

  • Malignant pericardial effusion frequently recurs after pericardiocentesis.
  • Patients with advanced cancer often experience hemodynamic compromise due to effusions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy (PBP) as a primary treatment for malignant pericardial effusion.
  • To assess the safety and efficacy of PBP in preventing effusion recurrence.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 17 PBPs in 16 patients with advanced cancer.
  • Inclusion criteria: severe circumferential effusion, hemodynamic compromise.
  • Data collected: clinical, echocardiographic, and follow-up characteristics.

Main Results:

  • All 17 procedures were successful, well-tolerated, and without acute complications.
  • No infectious complications occurred during follow-up (median 44 days).
  • Only 3 patients required repeat procedures (2 pericardial windows, 1 repeat PBP).

Conclusions:

  • Percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy is a simple, safe, and effective initial treatment for malignant pericardial effusion.
  • PBP can prevent recurrence and avoid more invasive procedures in cancer patients.
  • This technique is particularly beneficial for patients with severe effusions and hemodynamic compromise.
Abstract

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