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The effects of cigarette smoke extract on ovulation, oocyte morphology and ovarian gene expression in mice
Zixin Mai1, Ming Lei1, Bolan Yu1
1Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Abstract:
Cigarette smoking can harm fertility, but the existing research has targeted primarily on ovarian follicles, embryos or sex hormone. In this study, we tested cigarette smoke extract on ovulation, oocyte morphology and ovarian gene expression associated with inhibition of oxidative stress using C57BL/6 mice. Mice in the experimental group were administered a cigarette smoke extract (CSE) solution (2 mg/ml) orally daily, while the blank control group was given dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). A positive control group (menadione) was used that received an intraperitoneal injection of 15 mg/kg menadione in oil solution daily. We found that the CSE group manifested a reduced diameter of zona pellucida-free oocyte (ZP-free OD) and a morphologically misshapen first polar body (PB). Our results suggest that CSE exposure is associated with a shrink size and poor quality of oocytes. Quitting smoking is a wise choice to ensure good fertility.
Insights
Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) negatively impacts mouse oocyte quality, reducing zona pellucida-free oocyte diameter and causing misshapen polar bodies. Quitting smoking is recommended for maintaining fertility.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive biology
- Toxicology
- Ovarian research
Background:
- Cigarette smoking is known to impair fertility.
- Previous research focused on ovarian follicles, embryos, and sex hormones.
- The impact of cigarette smoke on oocyte morphology and gene expression requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on mouse ovulation.
- To assess CSE's impact on oocyte morphology.
- To examine ovarian gene expression related to oxidative stress inhibition.
Main Methods:
- C57BL/6 mice were administered CSE solution (2 mg/ml) orally daily.
- A control group received dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO).
- A positive control group received menadione (15 mg/kg) intraperitoneally.
Main Results:
- CSE exposure led to a reduced diameter of zona pellucida-free oocytes (ZP-free OD).
- Oocytes from the CSE group exhibited morphologically abnormal first polar bodies (PB).
- CSE exposure is linked to decreased oocyte size and quality.
Conclusions:
- Cigarette smoke extract exposure adversely affects oocyte quality in mice.
- CSE exposure is associated with reduced oocyte size and morphological defects.
- Quitting smoking is advised for preserving reproductive health and fertility.
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