Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction01:16

[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction

8.0K
The Diels–Alder reaction is an example of a thermal pericyclic reaction between a conjugated diene and an alkene or alkyne, commonly referred to as a dienophile. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six π electrons, four from the diene and two from the dienophile, forming an unsaturated six-membered ring. As a result, these reactions are classified as [4+2] cycloadditions.
8.0K
Structure of Conjugated Dienes01:16

Structure of Conjugated Dienes

5.5K
Introduction
Conjugated dienes are compounds characterized by the presence of alternating double and single bonds. In a conjugated system like 1,3-butadiene, the unhybridized 2p orbital on each carbon overlaps continuously, allowing the π electrons to be delocalized across the entire molecule. In contrast, this type of overlap does not occur in cumulated and isolated dienes, such as 2,3-pentadiene and 1,4-pentadiene, respectively. Instead, the π electrons remain localized between the...
5.5K
Five-Membered Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds: Overview01:13

Five-Membered Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds: Overview

4.4K
Heterocyclic aromatic compounds are cyclic compounds that are aromatic and have one or more heteroatoms—atoms other than carbon, in the ring. Depending upon the number of atoms present in the ring, they can be either five or six-membered. Examples of five-membered heterocyclic aromatic compounds include pyrrole, furan, thiophene, and imidazole. Pyrrole consists of one nitrogen atom having one lone pair of electrons. Furan and thiophene have one oxygen and one sulfur heteroatom,...
4.4K
Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

16.8K
Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly,...
16.8K
Diels–Alder Reaction: Characteristics of Dienes01:29

Diels–Alder Reaction: Characteristics of Dienes

3.7K
The Diels–Alder reaction brings together a diene and a dienophile to form a six-membered ring. Both components have unique characteristics that influence the rate of the reaction.
Characteristics of the diene
Conformation
The simplest example of a diene is 1,3-butadiene, an acyclic conjugated π system. At room temperature, the molecule exists as a mixture of s-cis and s-trans conformers by virtue of rotation around the carbon–carbon single bond. Although the s-trans isomer is...
3.7K
Electrophilic 1,2- and 1,4-Addition of X2 to 1,3-Butadiene01:14

Electrophilic 1,2- and 1,4-Addition of X2 to 1,3-Butadiene

2.7K
Electrophilic addition of halogens to alkenes proceeds via a cyclic halonium ion to form a 1,2-dihalide or a vicinal dihalide.
2.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Catheter-Electrode System for Continuous Aptamer-Based Sensing in the Rat Subcutaneous Space.

ECS sensors plus·2026
Same author

Investigation of chromene-porphyrin derivatives for use in photodynamic therapy and photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy.

Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy·2026
Same author

Small is different: <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-chelated organoboron complexes with seven-membered rings.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2025
Same author

The photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy activities of azaBODIPY dyes and their gold nanoparticle conjugates.

Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy·2025
Same author

Correction: 3D-printed electrochemical cells for multi-point aptamer-based drug measurements.

Sensors & diagnostics·2025
Same author

Effects of central metals on sugar decorated tetrakis-(4-methylthiophenyl) porphyrin considered for use in photodynamic therapy.

Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
10:51

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

Published on: April 10, 2015

11.1K

Core-modified rubyrins containing dithienylethene moieties.

Zhikuan Zhou1, Yi Chang, Soji Shimizu

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 (China); Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578 (Japan).

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|May 1, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Synthesized core-modified rubyrins with dithienylethene (DTE) units. One rubyrin with a closed-form DTE unit exhibited aromaticity, while the other with an open-form DTE unit was nonaromatic.

Keywords:
ACID plotaromaticitycore-modified rubyrinsdithienylethenemacrocycles

More Related Videos

Preparation of a Corannulene-functionalized Hexahelicene by CopperI-catalyzed Alkyne-azide Cycloaddition of Nonplanar Polyaromatic Units
09:35

Preparation of a Corannulene-functionalized Hexahelicene by CopperI-catalyzed Alkyne-azide Cycloaddition of Nonplanar Polyaromatic Units

Published on: September 18, 2016

9.7K
Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex
10:52

Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex

Published on: July 27, 2022

2.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 30, 2026

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
10:51

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

Published on: April 10, 2015

11.1K
Preparation of a Corannulene-functionalized Hexahelicene by CopperI-catalyzed Alkyne-azide Cycloaddition of Nonplanar Polyaromatic Units
09:35

Preparation of a Corannulene-functionalized Hexahelicene by CopperI-catalyzed Alkyne-azide Cycloaddition of Nonplanar Polyaromatic Units

Published on: September 18, 2016

9.7K
Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex
10:52

Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex

Published on: July 27, 2022

2.8K

Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Rubyrins are macrocyclic compounds with unique photophysical properties.
  • Dithienylethene (DTE) units can undergo reversible photoisomerization, altering molecular properties.
  • Core modification of rubyrins allows for tuning of their electronic and structural characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize novel core-modified rubyrins incorporating dithienylethene (DTE) units.
  • To investigate the impact of DTE unit's isomeric state (open vs. closed) on the aromaticity and electronic properties of rubyrins.
  • To establish structure-property relationships in these new DTE-rubyrin conjugates.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of two stable core-modified rubyrins, designated 1 and 2, each bearing one or two DTE units.
  • Characterization of the synthesized compounds using spectroscopic and analytical techniques.
  • Evaluation of aromaticity through analysis of their conjugated electronic systems.

Main Results:

  • Rubyrin 1, featuring one closed-form DTE unit, demonstrated aromaticity due to its 26 π-electron conjugated circuit.
  • Rubyrin 2, containing one open-form DTE unit, exhibited nonaromatic properties.
  • The isomeric state of the DTE unit significantly influences the aromaticity of the core-modified rubyrin.

Conclusions:

  • Core-modified rubyrins with DTE units can be successfully synthesized.
  • The photochromic DTE unit acts as a switch to control the aromaticity of the rubyrin macrocycle.
  • These findings open avenues for developing photoresponsive molecular materials based on rubyrin platforms.