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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Mouth01:26

Assessment of the Mouth

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A thorough mouth assessment, including inspection and palpation of the lips, gums, tongue, tonsils, uvula, and pharynx, is crucial in detecting potential health issues. Diseases ranging from oral cancer to systemic conditions like diabetes could be identified early through careful oral examination. This article provides a detailed guide on conducting a comprehensive mouth assessment.
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Development of the Oral Microbiota01:28

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The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

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Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
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Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

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In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

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In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
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Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children
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Toothpaste Utilization Profiles among Preschool Children.

Darshana Bennadi1, Nandita Kshetrimayum2, S Sibyl3

  • 1Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sree Siddhartha Dental College and Hospital, SAHE University , Tumkur, India .

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR
|May 1, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Many parents lack awareness regarding appropriate toothpaste selection and usage for young children. This highlights a need for better education on pediatric oral hygiene practices to prevent dental issues like fluorosis.

Keywords:
FluorideMothersPreschool childrenToothpaste

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Public Health
  • Dental Hygiene

Background:

  • Early childhood oral health is crucial for long-term dental wellness.
  • Parental preferences often dictate toothpaste choices for preschoolers.
  • Inconsistent practices can impact children's oral health outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess parental awareness of proper toothpaste selection and usage for preschool children.
  • To identify common practices in pediatric toothbrushing and toothpaste application.
  • To inform targeted educational interventions for parents regarding children's oral care.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive, cross-sectional study design was employed.
  • Data collected from mothers of preschool children using questionnaires.
  • Analysis focused on current brushing habits and toothpaste-related knowledge.

Main Results:

  • Brushing initiation often delayed beyond one year post-tooth eruption.
  • Majority of mothers used adult toothpaste and supervised brushing.
  • Awareness of fluoride in toothpaste existed, but clinical significance was often misunderstood.
  • Half of mothers applied a full toothpaste strip, and most brushed twice daily.

Conclusions:

  • Significant gaps in parental understanding of recommended toothpaste guidelines for children were identified.
  • Need for dental professionals to educate and motivate parents on proper supervision and assistance.
  • Interventions are necessary to mitigate risks such as dental fluorosis.