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Inflammatory injury to the neonatal brain - what can we do?

Noa Ofek-Shlomai1, Itai Berger2

  • 1Department of Neonatology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center , Jerusalem , Israel.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|May 1, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Minimizing neonatal brain inflammation is crucial for preventing lifelong disability. This review explores interventions, including drugs and natural protectors, to reduce inflammation and improve outcomes for infants.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Neurology
  • Neuroinflammation
  • Perinatal Medicine

Background:

  • Perinatal brain damage is a major cause of lifelong infant disability.
  • Damage can result from hypoxic-ischemic events, inflammation, or a combination.
  • Current anti-inflammatory interventions for neonates are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review interventions for minimizing inflammatory processes in the neonatal brain.
  • To discuss strategies before and after perinatal brain injury.
  • To explore potential therapeutic agents and endogenous protectors.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on anti-inflammatory strategies.
  • Discussion of preventative measures against perinatal infection and inflammation.
  • Analysis of known anti-inflammatory drugs and other potential agents.

Main Results:

  • Limited current options for neonatal anti-inflammatory measures.
  • Strategies include infection avoidance and reduced inflammatory exposure.
  • Investigated agents include steroids, antibiotics, indomethacin, IL-1 receptor antagonists, erythropoietin, and others.

Conclusions:

  • Successful anti-inflammatory interventions could significantly decrease mortality and long-term morbidity.
  • Further research into novel agents and endogenous protectors is warranted.
  • Targeting inflammation offers a promising avenue for improving infant neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Keywords:
brain injuryinflammationneonatalneuro-developmental outcometreatment

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