Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 30, 2026
09:46
Protocol for Measuring the Thermal Properties of a Supercooled Synthetic Sand-water-gas-methane Hydrate Sample
Published on: March 21, 2016
8.0K
Communication: minimum in the thermal conductivity of supercooled water: a computer simulation study
F Bresme1, J W Biddle2, J V Sengers2
1Chemical Physics Section, Department of Chemistry, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom and Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway.
The Journal of Chemical Physics
|May 3, 2014
Summary
Computer simulations reveal anomalous thermal conductivity in supercooled water, showing a minimum at various pressures. This behavior is linked to compressibility and sound speed, though simulated values differ from experiments.
Area of Science:
- Physical Chemistry
- Computational Fluid Dynamics
- Thermodynamics
Background:
- Supercooled water exhibits complex thermodynamic behavior.
- Previous studies suggested a minimum in thermal conductivity at atmospheric pressure for certain water models.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the thermodynamic properties and thermal conductivity of supercooled water.
- To examine the influence of pressure and temperature on these properties using the TIP4P-2005 water model.
- To explore the relationship between thermal conductivity anomalies and other physical properties.
Main Methods:
- Computer simulations utilizing the TIP4P-2005 water model.
- Analysis of thermodynamic properties and thermal conductivity across varying pressures and temperatures.
Main Results:
- Thermodynamic properties are consistent with a two-structure equation of state and a liquid-liquid critical point.
- A minimum in thermal conductivity was observed at both atmospheric and elevated pressures.
- Simulated thermal conductivities were significantly higher than experimental values at low temperatures.
Conclusions:
- The TIP4P-2005 model supports the existence of a liquid-liquid critical point in supercooled water.
- Anomalous thermal conductivity behavior in supercooled water is linked to compressibility and sound speed.
- Water model choice significantly impacts simulated thermal conductivity magnitudes.
Related Concept Videos
01:24Superconductor
1.9K
A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
1.9K
01:17Theory of Metallic Conduction
2.0K
The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
In this theory, Newton's second law of motion is used to determine the acceleration of an electron in the presence of an applied electric field. Then, its velocity is expressed via this acceleration.
An electron moves through the crystal, containing positive ions,...
In this theory, Newton's second law of motion is used to determine the acceleration of an electron in the presence of an applied electric field. Then, its velocity is expressed via this acceleration.
An electron moves through the crystal, containing positive ions,...
2.0K
01:28Types Of Superconductors
1.7K
A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
1.7K
01:20Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II
4.5K
In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...
4.5K
01:21Joule-Thomson Effect
11.7K
The Joule-Thomson effect, also known as the Joule-Kelvin effect, describes the temperature change of a fluid when it is forced through a valve or porous plug while keeping it in a thermally insulated environment. This experiment is called a throttling process. This is an important effect widely used in refrigeration and the liquefaction of gases.
This experiment forces high-pressure gas through a throttle valve or a porous plug to a lower-pressure region. The gas expands as it passes through to...
This experiment forces high-pressure gas through a throttle valve or a porous plug to a lower-pressure region. The gas expands as it passes through to...
11.7K
01:14Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I
5.8K
Just as interesting as the effects of heat transfer on a system are the methods by which the heat transfer occur. Whenever there is a temperature difference, heat transfer occurs. It may occur rapidly, such as through a cooking pan, or slowly, such as through the walls of a picnic ice box. So many processes involve heat transfer that it is hard to imagine a situation where no heat transfer occurs. Yet, every heat transfer takes place by only three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation.
5.8K