A lipid-based method for the preparation of a piezoelectric DNA biosensor

A piezoelectric DNA biosensor was prepared by immobilizing DNA probes on a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) using a lipid-based method. A QCM electrode was coated with a hybrid bilayer membrane composed of an octadecanethiol monolayer and a lipid monolayer containing biotinylated lipids to establish biotin groups on the electrode surface. A DNA biosensor was prepared by sequentially immobilizing avidin and the biotinylated probe. The DNA biosensor was stable throughout repeated surface regeneration and showed higher sensitivity than that prepared by the conventional chemical method using diimide. We also optimized the surface regeneration conditions and flow rate for flow injection analysis.