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The CAPITA study of protein-conjugate pneumococcal vaccine and its implications for use in adults in developed

Daniel M Musher1, Maria C Rodriguez-Barradas1

  • 1From the Medical Service (Infectious Disease Section); Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Houston, TX USA; Department of Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, TX USA; Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, TX USA.

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
|May 3, 2014
PubMed

Insights

A new vaccine strategy using Hemophilus influenzae type b (HITB) polysaccharide conjugated to protein dramatically improved antibody response in infants. This breakthrough nearly eradicated HITB infections in young children in the United States.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Vaccine development
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Until 1990, Hemophilus influenzae type b (HITB) was a significant cause of childhood illness and death.
  • The initial HITB vaccine, using purified capsular polysaccharide (PRP), was ineffective in infants and toddlers and subsequently withdrawn.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of a novel vaccine approach for preventing HITB infections in young children.
  • To understand the immunological basis for improved vaccine response.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a conjugate vaccine by covalently linking PRP to an antigenic protein.
  • Administration of the conjugate vaccine to infants and toddlers to assess immunogenicity.

Main Results:

  • The conjugate vaccine elicited a robust antibody response in infants and toddlers, unlike the unconjugated polysaccharide vaccine.
  • The widespread use of the conjugate vaccine has led to a dramatic reduction in HITB infections.

Conclusions:

  • Conjugating PRP to a protein carrier is a highly effective strategy for inducing protective immunity against HITB in young children.
  • This vaccine development has been instrumental in nearly eradicating HITB disease in the United States.

Keywords:
CAPITAPneumococcusconjugate vaccinepneumoniavaccine

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