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Ground-based airglow imaging interferometer. Part 2: forward model and inverse method.

Yuanhe Tang, Xiaodong Duan, Haiyang Gao

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    Summary

    The ground-based airglow imaging interferometer (GBAII) effectively measures upper atmospheric winds and temperatures. Its validated forward model and inverse method show good agreement with observational data.

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    Area of Science:

    • Atmospheric physics and remote sensing.
    • Upper atmosphere dynamics and remote sensing.

    Background:

    • Nighttime airglow emissions provide crucial data for upper atmospheric studies.
    • Accurate measurement of upper atmospheric wind and temperature fields is essential for understanding atmospheric dynamics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a forward model and inverse method for the ground-based airglow imaging interferometer (GBAII).
    • To assess the GBAII's capability in measuring upper atmospheric wind and temperature fields.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a forward model simulating imaging interference fringes with eight modules.
    • Developed an inverse method for retrieving phase calibration, temperature, and wind.
    • Compared theoretical simulations with field observation data.

    Main Results:

    • Forward model deviation from observation was 1.5%-2.5%.
    • Temperature measurements ranged from 167-196 K with 2 K precision.
    • Zonal and meridional winds measured with errors of 13.2-21.5 m/s.

    Conclusions:

    • The forward model and inverse method are suitable for the GBAII.
    • The GBAII system shows consistent trends with standard atmospheric models (MSISE90, HWM93).
    • Validated tools enable reliable upper atmospheric wind and temperature measurements.