Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

X-ray Crystallography

X-ray Crystallography

The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...

Determination of Crystal Structures

Determination of Crystal Structures

In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...

$X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples$ 01:10

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples

X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal...

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Parallel spatial photonic Ising machine using spatial multiplexing for accelerating combinatorial optimization.

Optics letters·2025

Same author

Digital-twin imaging based on descattering Gaussian splatting.

Optics express·2025

Same author

Noninvasive holographic imaging through dynamically scattering media.

Optics letters·2024

Same author

Spatial-photonic Ising machine by space-division multiplexing with physically tunable coefficients of a multi-component model.

Optics express·2024

Same author

Extrapolated speckle-correlation imaging with an untrained deep neural network.

Applied optics·2023

Same author

Low-Rank Combinatorial Optimization and Statistical Learning by Spatial Photonic Ising Machine.

Physical review letters·2023

Same journal

Multifunctional reconfigurable terahertz metasurface based on vanadium dioxide phase transition: achieving broadband absorption and efficient polarization conversion.

Applied optics·2026

Same journal

High-Q-factor electromagnetically induced transparency utilizing quasi-bound states in the continuum in an all-dielectric terahertz metasurface.

Applied optics·2026

Same journal

Automated stitching interferometry for high-precision metrology of X-ray mirrors.

Applied optics·2026

Same journal

Experimental demonstration of an approach to designing a metal-dielectric DBR resonant cavity structure.

Applied optics·2026

Same journal

High-precision wavefront reconstruction from a single-shot interferogram using a physics-driven hybrid feature calibration network.

Applied optics·2026

Same journal

Ultra-high-Q Fano resonance based on coupled topological corner states in Kagome photonic crystals.

Applied optics·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating

Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating

Published on: October 11, 2016

Diffraction light analysis method for a diffraction grating imaging lens.

Takamasa Ando, Tsuguhiro Korenaga, Masa-aki Suzuki

|May 3, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new analysis method accurately simulates diffraction grating lens light, including striped diffraction light. This approach enables precise optical system aberration analysis and flare light reduction.

More Related Videos

Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures

Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures

Published on: November 21, 2019

High-speed Continuous-wave Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Spectrometer for Material Analysis

High-speed Continuous-wave Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Spectrometer for Material Analysis

Published on: September 22, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating

Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating

Published on: October 11, 2016

Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures

Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures

Published on: November 21, 2019

High-speed Continuous-wave Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Spectrometer for Material Analysis

High-speed Continuous-wave Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Spectrometer for Material Analysis

Published on: September 22, 2017

Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Optical Engineering

Background:

Diffraction grating lenses are crucial optical components.
Understanding light distribution, including diffraction orders and striped patterns, is essential for lens design.
Existing methods may not fully capture complex diffraction phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel analysis method for diffraction light in grating lenses.
To characterize striped diffraction light and its impact on optical systems.
To provide a simulation tool for optimizing grating lens performance and reducing flare.

Main Methods:

Developed a new analysis method considering diffraction grating step structure.
Simulated each-order and striped diffraction light simultaneously.
Validated the simulation against experimental results.

Main Results:

Identified and characterized striped diffraction light as a key component of diffraction.
The developed method accurately simulates aberrations, diffraction orders, and striped light.
Demonstrated high accuracy through comparison with experimental data.

Conclusions:

The new analysis method offers high accuracy for simulating diffraction grating lens light.
This method facilitates the optimization of diffraction grating lenses for reduced flare.
The findings contribute to improved design and performance of optical systems utilizing diffraction gratings.