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The relationship between IL-10 levels and cardiovascular events in patients with CKD

Mahmut Ilker Yilmaz1, Yalcin Solak2, Mutlu Saglam3

  • 1Departments of Nephrology.

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN
|May 3, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Higher serum Interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels are linked to increased cardiovascular event risk in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. These findings suggest IL-10 may indicate a heightened inflammatory state in CKD.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the primary cause of mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  • Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is recognized as an antiatherosclerotic cytokine, yet prior research has not established a link between IL-10 and CVD in CKD.
  • This study investigated the association between serum IL-10 levels and the risk of cardiovascular events in CKD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if serum IL-10 levels correlate with the risk of cardiovascular events in individuals with stages 1-5 CKD.
  • To explore the relationship between IL-10, endothelial function markers, and inflammatory markers in CKD.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 403 patients with stages 1-5 CKD were followed for a mean of 38 months for fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events.
  • Baseline measurements included serum levels of IL-10 and IL-6, flow-mediated dilatation (endothelial function), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and pentraxin-3 (inflammatory markers).
  • Statistical analyses involved linear regression for IL-10 and flow-mediated dilatation, and Cox regression for IL-10 and cardiovascular event risk.

Main Results:

  • Serum levels of IL-10, IL-6, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and pentraxin-3 were elevated in patients with lower estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR).
  • Patients with IL-10 concentrations above the median experienced a higher incidence of both fatal and combined fatal/nonfatal cardiovascular events.
  • Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed significantly higher cumulative survival in patients with IL-10 levels below the median (<21.5 pg/ml) compared to those above the median (log-rank test, P<0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Serum IL-10 levels increase as kidney function declines in CKD patients.
  • Elevated serum IL-10 levels are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events during the follow-up period.
  • The study suggests that higher IL-10 levels in CKD may reflect a generalized proinflammatory state, contributing to cardiovascular risk.
Abstract

Keywords:
CKDIL-10cardiovascular diseasekidney disease

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