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Increased Body Temperature01:25

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A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in...
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A Behavioral Screen for Heat-Induced Seizures in Mouse Models of Epilepsy
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Febrile illness in the athlete.

Natalie A Dick1, Jason J Diehl2

  • 1Department of Family Medicine, Riverside Methodist Primary Care Sports Medicine Fellowship, Dublin, Ohio.

Sports Health
|May 3, 2014
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Summary

Fever in athletes impacts thermoregulation, metabolism, and muscle function, increasing risks during exercise. Gradual return to training is advised only after fever and dehydration resolve.

Keywords:
athleteexercisefeverillnessinfectionsport

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Athletic Training

Background:

  • Acute febrile illnesses are common during athletic training and competition.
  • Safe and complete recovery is crucial for athletes to return to play.
  • Considerations include thermoregulation, metabolism, fluid balance, and muscle function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effects of febrile illness on athletes.
  • To explore the implications for return to play decisions.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search of PubMed (1970-2013) was conducted.
  • Keywords included fever, illness, exercise, athlete, sport, and return to play.
  • The study design was a clinical review (Level 4 evidence).

Main Results:

  • Febrile illness alters thermoregulation, metabolism, and fluid homeostasis.
  • Muscle strength and endurance decrease due to muscle catabolism during fever.
  • Limited research exists on return to play protocols for febrile illness.

Conclusions:

  • Fever increases fluid loss, metabolic demand, and disrupts body temperature regulation.
  • Fever negatively impacts musculoskeletal health, reducing strength and increasing fatigue.
  • Gradual resumption of training post-fever and dehydration is recommended, with no consensus for return before fever resolution.