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Etiological factors in second mandibular molar impaction.

Michele Cassetta1, Federica Altieri2, Sabrina Calasso2

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Patients with impacted second mandibular molars (MM2) exhibit a vertical growth pattern. The presence of the third mandibular molar (MM3) is associated with MM2 impaction but does not increase the risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Orthodontics
  • Oral Surgery

Background:

  • Second mandibular molar (MM2) impaction is increasingly common.
  • Skeletal features are hypothesized to influence MM2 impaction.
  • The role of the third mandibular molar (MM3) in MM2 impaction requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze skeletal features in patients with MM2 impaction.
  • To determine the association between MM2 impaction and the presence of MM3.
  • To investigate the relationship between skeletal morphology and MM2 impaction.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study comparing 48 patients with MM2 impaction (study group) to 200 controls.
  • Panoramic radiographs assessed for MM3 germ presence.
  • Cephalometric analysis evaluated linear and angular skeletal measurements.

Main Results:

  • Statistically significant reduction in mandibular gonial angle (ArGoMe) and Jarabak's polygon value in the study group.
  • MM3 presence was significantly associated with MM2 impaction (P≤0.05).
  • MM3 was not identified as a risk factor for MM2 impaction (OR 0.817).

Conclusions:

  • Individuals with MM2 impaction demonstrate a vertical condylar growth direction.
  • MM3 is not a causative risk factor for MM2 impaction.
  • Understanding skeletal features aids in comprehending MM2 impaction etiology.