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Related Concept Videos

Harmonic Mean01:09

Harmonic Mean

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The arithmetic mean is usually skewed towards the larger values in the data set. Therefore, to avoid this inherent bias towards smaller values, the harmonic mean is used.
Take the example of the speed of a car, which is the measure of the rate of distance traveled. If the vehicle traverses the same distance back-and-forth, its average speed equals the total distance traveled divided by the total time taken. However, if the car moves with varying speeds, then the arithmetic mean is more skewed...
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Accuracy and Precision01:52

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Scientists typically make repeated measurements of a quantity to ensure the quality of their findings and to evaluate both the precision and the accuracy of their results. Measurements are said to be precise if they yield very similar results when repeated in the same manner. A measurement is considered accurate if it yields a result that is very close to the true or the accepted value. Precise values agree with each other; accurate values agree with a true value.  Highly accurate...
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Data Reporting and Recording01:24

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Reporting and recording are crucial in data documentation. The timely, thorough, and accurate documentation of facts is essential when recording patient data. Failure to record findings during an assessment or interpretation of a problem will result in loss of information and make the patient document unreliable. The reader is left with general impressions if the information is not specific. A recording is documenting data of the individual's health information in a traceable, secure, and...
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Sampling Plans01:23

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Sampling is a crucial step in analytical chemistry, allowing researchers to collect representative data from a large population. Common sampling methods include random, judgmental, systematic, stratified, and cluster sampling.
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Statistical Analysis: Overview01:11

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When we take repeated measurements on the same or replicated samples, we will observe inconsistencies in the magnitude. These inconsistencies are called errors. To categorize and characterize these results and their errors, the researcher can use statistical analysis to determine the quality of the measurements and/or suitability of the methods.
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A sample refers to a smaller subset representative of a larger population. In analytical chemistry, studying or analyzing an entire population is often impractical or impossible. Therefore, samples are used to draw inferences and generalize the whole population. The sampling method selects individuals or items from a population to create a sample. Standard sampling methods include random, judgemental, systematic, stratified, and cluster sampling. 
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Harmonization: the sample, the measurement, and the report.

W Greg Miller1, Jillian R Tate2, Julian H Barth3

  • 1Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.

Annals of Laboratory Medicine
|May 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Harmonizing clinical laboratory results ensures comparable data across different methods and locations. This involves addressing pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical factors for improved patient care.

Keywords:
CommutabilityHarmonizationStandardizationTraceability

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical Laboratory Science
  • Biomedical Measurement
  • Healthcare Quality Improvement

Background:

  • Clinical laboratory results require harmonization for comparability across diverse measurement procedures, locations, and times.
  • Current harmonization efforts lack coordination among international professional organizations.
  • Progress has been made in pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical aspects, but a unified approach is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current status of harmonization in clinical laboratory testing.
  • To describe ongoing activities aimed at achieving fully harmonized laboratory results.
  • To highlight the importance of harmonization for optimal laboratory service.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pre-analytical factors: terminology, patient preparation, sample collection, handling, and transport.
  • Analysis of analytical factors: calibration traceability, reference material commutability, and measurement specificity.
  • Examination of post-analytical factors: nomenclature, units, significant figures, and reference intervals.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress noted in pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical harmonization areas.
  • Identified poor coordination among different professional organizations and countries.
  • International organizations like IFCC, WHO, and ICHCLR are actively involved in harmonization efforts.

Conclusions:

  • Harmonization across pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical phases is crucial for reliable clinical laboratory testing.
  • The International Consortium for Harmonization of Clinical Laboratory Results (ICHCLR) aims to coordinate global efforts and prioritize measurands.
  • Continued international collaboration is essential to achieve globally harmonized clinical laboratory results and enhance patient care.