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[Immunologic response to inflammation and trauma in children]
Insights
Inflammation and injury alter plasma protein and immunoglobulin levels, with specific markers like C-reactive protein (CRP) rising and albumin declining. These changes, particularly the PINI index, offer valuable prognostic insights for patient care.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Immunology
- Clinical Chemistry
Background:
- Inflammation and injury significantly impact the body's protein and immunoglobulin levels.
- Understanding these biochemical changes is crucial for assessing patient health status.
Observation:
- Plasma proteins and immunoglobulins exhibit dynamic changes in response to noxious stimuli.
- Certain proteins like C-reactive protein (CRP) rise promptly, while others such as albumin decrease.
Findings:
- Key indicators include C-reactive protein (CRP), orosomucoid, albumin, and prealbumin.
- The Protein and Immunoglobulin Nutritional Index (PINI) is calculated from these values, enabling prognostic stratification into five zones.
Implications:
- The patient's immunological state, reflected in these markers, holds significant prognostic value.
- Targeted interventions, including antibiotic (ATB) and immunoprotective substance administration, are vital for threatened patients.
Abstract:
Inflammation and injury influence plasma proteins and immunoglobulins. They respond to noxious agents by a rise of c-reactive protein (CRP), orosomucoid, fibrinogen, haptaglobulin, alpha-1 antitrypsin, ceruloplasmin, C 3 and C 4 components of complement. The rate of rise and return to normal values varies. CRP reacts most'promptly. The following substances react by a decline of the levels: albumin, prealbumin, transferrin, alpha-1 lipoprotein and immunoglobulins. Investigation of the patient's immunological state is of prognostic value. CRP, orosomucoid, albumin and prealbumin are considered the most valuable indicators; from their values the so-called PINI index can be calculated and the patients can be divided into five prognostic zones. To threatened patients all-round care must be devoted incl. aimed provision of ATB and immunoprotective substances.