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Related Concept Videos

Migration00:53

Migration

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Migration is long-range, seasonal movement from one region or habitat to another. This common strategy, carried out by many different organisms around the world, is an adaptive response that typically corresponds to changes in an organism’s environment, like resource availability or climate. Migrations can involve huge groups of thousands of animals as well as single individuals traveling alone and can range from thousands of kilometers to just a few hundred meters.
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Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence01:28

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Infectious diseases appear in populations through various transmission patterns, influenced by pathogen characteristics, population immunity, environmental conditions, and social behavior. Understanding these patterns is essential for effective public health surveillance and intervention. These categories—sporadic, outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, and endemic—help frame the nature and scope of disease events.Sporadic diseases occur irregularly and infrequently, without a predictable...
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Microsporidia are a group of obligate intracellular fungi that were initially classified as protists but were later reclassified based on phylogenetic, molecular, and structural evidence linking them to the Chytridiomycota. These unicellular, non-motile organisms are highly specialized parasites that infect a wide range of animal hosts, including humans. They have evolved extensive genomic and metabolic reductions, making them highly dependent on their hosts for survival.Morphology and Genomic...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
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Colonisation of Pathogens01:25

Colonisation of Pathogens

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Pathogen colonization of host tissues is a critical step in the development of infectious diseases. Various pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa, have evolved complex strategies to attach to, invade, and persist within host environments. These mechanisms enable pathogens to establish infections, evade immune responses, and resist antimicrobial treatments.Attachment to Host CellsIn bacteria, colonization typically begins with adherence to host epithelial...
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Diversity of Protists II01:27

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Alveolates are a group of organisms recognized by the presence of alveoli, which are cytoplasmic sacs located beneath the cell membrane. While their function remains uncertain, alveoli may help regulate water balance by controlling how much water enters and leaves the cell. In dinoflagellates, these structures may serve as armor plates. There are three major types of alveolates: ciliates, which move using cilia; dinoflagellates, which use flagella for movement; and apicomplexans, which are...
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[Persistent tropical diseases among migrants].

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    Migrants can carry persistent infectious diseases like schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis, and Chagas disease for years. Co-infections with HIV or hepatitis B/C can worsen these neglected parasitic and viral diseases.

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    Area of Science:

    • Tropical medicine
    • Infectious diseases
    • Parasitology

    Context:

    • Migrants face unique health risks due to exposure in their home countries.
    • Specific living conditions can increase vulnerability to persistent infections.
    • Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a significant concern in migrant populations.

    Purpose:

    • To highlight the prevalence and risks of neglected parasitic diseases in migrant populations.
    • To discuss the potential for long-term asymptomatic carriage of infections.
    • To emphasize the impact of co-infections with viral pathogens.

    Summary:

    • Several infectious diseases can remain asymptomatic for years in migrants.
    • Key neglected parasitic diseases include schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis, and Chagas disease.
    • Co-infections with HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C exacerbate morbidity from these parasitic infections.

    Impact:

    • Increased awareness of long-term infectious disease risks in migrants.
    • Highlights the importance of screening for neglected parasitic and viral infections.
    • Informs clinical management and public health strategies for migrant health.