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Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study

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Methodologies to assess paediatric adiposity.

M Horan¹, E Gibney, E Molloy

¹University College Dublin Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine and Medical Science, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin 2, Republic of Ireland, mary.horan@ucdconnect.ie.

Irish Journal of Medical Science

|May 6, 2014

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Accurate assessment of childhood adiposity is crucial for identifying at-risk children. Core clinical measurements like BMI are sufficient for diagnosing paediatric overweight and obesity, with advanced tools offering further insights.

Area of Science:

Pediatric Endocrinology
Public Health
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Childhood obesity increases the risk of adult obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer.
Accurate assessment of childhood adiposity is essential for early identification of at-risk children.
This review examines clinical and technical tools for assessing paediatric adiposity.

Purpose of the Study:

To review core clinical measurements for assessing paediatric adiposity.
To examine technical tools for assessing paediatric adiposity.
To determine the most appropriate techniques for identifying children at risk of obesity.

Main Methods:

Searched PubMed, CINALH, and EMBASE databases for relevant studies.
Reviewed abstracts to identify appropriate studies on childhood adiposity measurement.

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Searched reference lists of identified publications for further eligible studies.

Main Results:

Core clinical measurements (weight, height, BMI, circumferences) are sufficient for classifying paediatric overweight and obesity using growth charts.
Technical tools like DEXA and ADP accurately measure adiposity but cannot differentiate fat depots.
MRI and CT can distinguish intra-abdominal from subcutaneous adiposity, with MRI being a gold standard; CT is unsuitable for children due to radiation.

Conclusions:

Core clinical measurements are adequate for diagnosing paediatric overweight and obesity.
Advanced tools provide deeper insights into body composition but have limitations and higher costs.
A combination of methods may be necessary for comprehensive adiposity assessment in children.