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Related Concept Videos

Spermatogenesis01:41

Spermatogenesis

91.0K
Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male...
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Spermatogenesis01:22

Spermatogenesis

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Spermatogenesis is a complex process that involves the development of sperm cells from undifferentiated stem cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testes. The process is essential for the production of mature and functional sperm cells that are capable of fertilizing an egg.
The process of spermatogenesis can be divided into mitosis, meiosis, and spermiogenesis. During mitosis, the spermatogonia or stem cells divide to produce two identical daughter cells, type A and B spermatogonia. Type-A...
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Meiosis I01:49

Meiosis I

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Meiosis is a carefully orchestrated set of cell divisions, the goal of which—in humans—is to produce haploid sperm or eggs, each containing half the number of chromosomes present in somatic cells elsewhere in the body. Meiosis I is the first such division, and involves several key steps, among them: condensation of replicated chromosomes in diploid cells; the pairing of homologous chromosomes and their exchange of information; and finally, the separation of homologous chromosomes by...
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What is Meiosis?01:34

What is Meiosis?

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Meiosis is the process by which diploid cells divide to produce haploid daughter cells. In humans, each diploid cell contains 46 chromosomes, half from the mother and half from the father. Following meiosis, the resulting haploid eggs or sperm only contain 23 chromosomes; however, each of these chromosomes contains a unique combination of parental information that results from the meiotic process of crossing over.
Although meiosis shares similarities with mitosis—both rely on microtubules...
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What is Meiosis?01:36

What is Meiosis?

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Meiosis is the process by which diploid cells divide to produce haploid daughter cells. In humans, each diploid cell contains 46 chromosomes, half from the mother and half from the father. Following meiosis, the resulting haploid eggs or sperm only contain 23 chromosomes; however, each of these chromosomes contains a unique combination of parental information that results from the meiotic process of crossing over.
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Meiosis II01:57

Meiosis II

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Meiosis II is the second and final stage of meiosis. It relies on the haploid cells produced during meiosis I, each of which contain only 23 chromosomes—one from each homologous initial pair. Importantly, each chromosome in these cells is composed of two joined copies, and when these cells enter meiosis II, the goal is to separate such sister chromatids using the same microtubule-based network employed in other division processes. The result of meiosis II is two haploid cells, each...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

A Seminiferous Tubule Squash Technique for the Cytological Analysis of Spermatogenesis Using the Mouse Model
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A Seminiferous Tubule Squash Technique for the Cytological Analysis of Spermatogenesis Using the Mouse Model

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Mouse spermatogenic stem cells continually interconvert between equipotent singly isolated and syncytial states.

Kenshiro Hara1, Toshinori Nakagawa2, Hideki Enomoto3

  • 1Division of Germ Cell Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan; Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan.

Cell Stem Cell
|May 6, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Mouse spermatogenic stem cells exist as a dynamic pool, not just isolated cells. Fragmentation and incomplete division allow syncytial spermatogonia to contribute to stem cell function.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Spermatogenic stem cell identity and behavior are crucial for male fertility.
  • The prevailing model posits stem cell function is limited to isolated (As) spermatogonia.
  • An alternative hypothesis suggests syncytial spermatogonia also contribute to stem cell function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of syncytial spermatogonia in mouse spermatogenesis.
  • To evaluate the dynamics of GFRα1+ stem cells in vivo.
  • To determine if syncytial spermatogonia contribute to stem cell function during homeostasis.

Main Methods:

  • Live imaging of GFRα1+ stem cells in vivo.
  • Pulse labeling to track cell fates.
  • Quantitative analysis of single-cell dynamics.
  • Development of a minimal biophysical model.

Main Results:

  • The entire GFRα1+ population functions as a single stem cell pool.
  • Cells continuously interconvert between isolated (As) and syncytial states.
  • A biophysical model accurately predicts cell fates during steady-state and regeneration.

Conclusions:

  • Mouse spermatogenic stem cell function is more dynamic than previously thought.
  • Syncytial spermatogonia contribute to stem cell function through fragmentation.
  • An alternative, dynamic model for spermatogenic stem cell function is proposed.